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Distribution transformer failure occurs when a transformer malfunctions, breaks down or fails to function within an electrical distribution system. These transformers play a crucial role in power distribution networks by stepping down voltage levels from transmission lines to levels suitable for distribution to end users. Various reasons may lead to transformer failure, including degradation of insulation materials, resulting in short circuits or electrical faults within the transformer. Additionally, excessive demand or inadequate capacity planning may cause overloading. It can lead to failures due to overheating and mechanical stress on transformer components. Moisture ingress, temperature extremes, or contaminants also play crucial roles in failure. External factors can degrade transformer insulation, corrode conductors, or cause mechanical damage, ultimately leading to failures. Furthermore, manufacturing defects and improper maintenance practices are significant factors in transformer failures.

Distribution Transformer Failure

    Man

•    Wrong maintenance practices
•    Improper training
•    Incorrect installation/ handling

Machine

•  Aging
  •    Corrosion/ mechanical wear
  •    Insulation breakdown
•  Weak connection
•  Inadequate insulation
•  Poor design/ manufacturing defect

Materials

•   Substandard insulation
•   Low quality conductors/ cooling systems

 Method

•    Neglecting oil analysis/ temperature monitoring
•    Overloading/ overheating
  •    Insulation degradation/ mechanical stress
•    Irregular maintenance
•    Improper testing

 Measurement

•    Load condition not monitored
•    Inadequate oil-level monitoring
•    Incorrect temperature metrics

 Environment

•    Presence of contaminants
•    Extreme temperature
•    High humidity level

Overall, the distribution transformer failure RCA Fishbone diagram helps as a valuable tool for cross-functional teams and stakeholders to collaborate in identifying, analyzing, and addressing the root causes of transformer failures.

Who should use the Distribution Transformer Failure template?

• The fishbone diagram can help stakeholders diagnose transformer failures in electrical distribution systems.

Why use this template?

• This RCA Fishbone diagram on transformer failure enables organizations to systematically analyze and address the root causes of failures, fostering improved reliability, efficiency, and safety in electrical distribution systems.
• Craft your template or reuse this with some modification for cause analysis of other problems in ProSolvr by smartQED.

Curated from community experience and public sources:

• https://www.imia.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/wgp3303.pdf
• https://www.bowerselec.co.uk/insights/7-causes-of-transformer-failure/
• https://www.ijert.org/research/transformer-failure-analysisreasons-and-methods-IJERTCONV4IS15021.pdf